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challenge set instrument

DefinitionA test collection built so that a shortcut which passes the benchmark fails on it. Chapter 12. Also shortcut, held-out battery.
ExampleThe identity-attack set scored 0.237, with an interval of 0.20 to 0.28 on 289 items, while the benchmark scored 0.909.
BookData Mining as Observation, draft 0.2, commit f3914f0; entry id challenge-set, kind instrument.
Statusno ledger row names this entry. Corrections: none recorded.
Defining equationnone
Assumptions and scope
  • A test collection built so that a shortcut which passes the benchmark fails on it. Every finite benchmark admits a shortcut, the lookup that returns the stored label for every benchmark row, and two scorers that agree on every benchmark row have the same benchmark error whatever they do elsewhere.
  • A challenge set is any collection on which the shortcut and the intended rule disagree, which can only lie outside the benchmark, and on it the shortcut’s error is positive while its benchmark error is zero.
Prior artnone recorded
Evidencelean/DataMiningAsObservation/ChallengeSet.lean
Reviewednot yet reviewed; generated 2026-09-10 from records at the commits on the provenance page.
benchmarkchallenge set
A collection on which a benchmark-passing shortcut fails, outside the benchmark.

Equation

none

Conditions

Conditions are curated in entries.toml rather than read from a record.

Ledger

none

First stated

Chapter 12 section 12.6 and chapter 14 section 14.3 of Data Mining as Observation, with the program’s identity-attack and euphemism sets in gtc-prototype/docs/SPECTRUM_FINDINGS.md:66-99.

Measurements

none

Failures and corrections

none

Invariance envelope

none declared

Machine checked

lean/DataMiningAsObservation/ChallengeSet.lean, theorems shortcut_passes, shortcut_fails, benchmark_blind, challenge_outside, at observation-data-mining f3914f0; what the check covers is stated in the book’s appendix C.

Used in

Data Mining as Observation chapters 0, 9, 11, 12.

Related

leakage; harness; deployment mismatch; preregistration.

See also

Book equations stated beside the entry’s terms, not defining it: 14.2, 12.3.

Ledger rows that cite the entry’s records without naming it: NEG-15 (Bell boundary).

Sources-table rows that share a record with the entry without naming it: chapter 6 section 6.4, chapter 7 section 7.3, chapter 7 section 7.4, chapter 8 section 8.5.

Status

Generated 2026-09-10 by encyclopedia/generate.py; book at observation-data-mining f3914f0; the commit of every record is listed in the encyclopedia’s provenance.

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