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Euclidean distance concept

DefinitionThe straight-line distance between two vectors, which reads every coordinate at the scale it arrives in. Chapter 3. Also Euclidean.
ExampleThe distance between (0, 0) and (3, 4) is 5.
BookData Mining as Observation, draft 0.2, commit f3914f0; entry id euclidean-distance, kind concept.
Statusno ledger row names this entry. Corrections: none recorded.
Defining equationnone
Assumptions and scope
  • The straight-line distance between two vectors, whose square is the identity reader’s quadratic form on the difference, so it reads every coordinate at the scale it arrives in. It is symmetric and zero exactly between a row and itself.
  • Rescaling one coordinate changes which of two rows is nearer. A choice of scale is a choice of reader, and reconstruction error, the Euclidean distance between a row and its code, is the identity reader’s number and not the consumer’s.
Prior artnone recorded
Evidencelean/DataMiningAsObservation/EuclideanDistance.lean
Reviewednot yet reviewed; generated 2026-09-10 from records at the commits on the provenance page.
xyθ
The length of the difference of two vectors.

Equation

none

Conditions

Conditions are curated in entries.toml rather than read from a record.

Ledger

none

First stated

Chapter 3 section 3.2 of Data Mining as Observation, where a distance is a choice of what to ignore.

Measurements

none

Failures and corrections

none

Invariance envelope

none declared

Machine checked

lean/DataMiningAsObservation/EuclideanDistance.lean, theorems distSq_eq_quad_one, distSq_comm, distSq_eq_zero_iff, ranking_flips, at observation-data-mining f3914f0; what the check covers is stated in the book’s appendix C.

Used in

Data Mining as Observation primer L, chapters 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 10, 11, 12.

Related

identity reader; dot product; Mahalanobis distance; distance concentration.

See also

Book equations stated beside the entry’s terms, not defining it: 0.1, 4.1.

Ledger rows that cite the entry’s records without naming it: NEG-2.

Sources-table rows that share a record with the entry without naming it: chapter 1 section 1.4, chapter 2 section 2.5, chapter 3 section 3.2, chapter 8 section 8.2, chapter 11 section 11.1, chapter 11 section 11.2.

Status

Generated 2026-09-10 by encyclopedia/generate.py; book at observation-data-mining f3914f0; the commit of every record is listed in the encyclopedia’s provenance.

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