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split instrument

DefinitionA partition of the rows into a part the model is fit on and a part it is scored on. A scorer that has read the test part scores it perfectly. Chapter 8 section 8.1. Also held-out, test fold, training split.
Example900 rows for fitting and 100 held out, with the 100 never read until the score.
BookData Mining as Observation, draft 0.2, commit f3914f0; entry id split, kind instrument.
Statusno ledger row names this entry. Corrections: none recorded.
Defining equation

Book equation 8.1.

Assumptions and scope
  • A partition of the rows into a part the model is fit on and a part it is scored on. The parts’ sizes add to the row count, a row in the test part is not in the training part, and a scorer that has read the test part scores it perfectly, which is leakage.
  • The virgin split of the non-oracle test raised the flip’s margin to 0.796 against 0.780, and the split is fixed before any transform is fit, since an imputation fit on all rows reads the test part.
Prior artnone recorded
Evidencelean/DataMiningAsObservation/CrossValidation.lean, lean/DataMiningAsObservation/Leakage.lean
Reviewednot yet reviewed; generated 2026-09-10 from records at the commits on the provenance page.
traintraintraintestevery row is tested once across the 4 folds
The rows a model is fit on and the rows it is scored on.

Equation

Book equation 8.1.

\[O_{\mathrm{harness}}=\big(C_{\mathrm{score}},\ G_{\mathrm{metric}},\ B=\text{folds}\times\text{samples}\times\text{seeds}\big).\]

Book equation 12.3.

\[\text{validated}\iff \mathrm{AUROC}_{\text{cross}}-\max\big(\mathrm{AUROC}_{\text{untrained}},\ \mathrm{AUROC}_{\text{BoW}}\big)\ \ge\ 0.10.\]

Conditions

Conditions are curated in entries.toml rather than read from a record.

Ledger

none

First stated

Chapter 8 section 8.1 of Data Mining as Observation, with the virgin split in geometric-observation/chapters/ch10_the_blind_probe.md:100-118.

Measurements

none

Failures and corrections

none

Invariance envelope

none declared

Machine checked

lean/DataMiningAsObservation/CrossValidation.lean, theorems sizes_sum, accuracy_weighted, accuracy_mean_of_equal, at observation-data-mining f3914f0; what the check covers is stated in the book’s appendix C.

lean/DataMiningAsObservation/Leakage.lean, theorems errors_lookup_eq_zero, lookup_default, at observation-data-mining f3914f0; what the check covers is stated in the book’s appendix C.

Used in

Data Mining as Observation chapters 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.

Related

cross-validation; leakage; harness; seed; stratification.

See also

Book equations stated beside the entry’s terms, not defining it: 8.2.

Ledger rows that cite the entry’s records without naming it: NEG-4, GO-B-legal (035→036).

Sources-table rows that share a record with the entry without naming it: chapter 4 section 4.7, chapter 6 section 6.4, chapter 8 section 8.1, chapter 8 section 8.5, chapter 12 section 12.3.

Status

Generated 2026-09-10 by encyclopedia/generate.py; book at observation-data-mining f3914f0; the commit of every record is listed in the encyclopedia’s provenance.

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